Social Psychology
Soroosh Golbabaei; Khatereh Borhani; Hamed Borhany; Mana Jameie
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this research was to investigate the relationship between facing patients’ death, the probability of infection to COVID-19, job satisfaction, and non-deterministic moral decision-making with mediating role of anxiety.
Method: This research was a correlational and path ...
Read More
Introduction: The aim of this research was to investigate the relationship between facing patients’ death, the probability of infection to COVID-19, job satisfaction, and non-deterministic moral decision-making with mediating role of anxiety.
Method: This research was a correlational and path analysis study, and participants were selected based on convenience sampling during the first peak of COVID-19 in May 2020. In this study, 190 healthcare workers in hospitals allocated to COVID-19 patients responded to questionnaires of non-deterministic moral decision-making scenarios (Christensen, Flexas, Calabrese, Gut, & Gomila, 2014), probability of infection to COVID-19 (Hyland et al., 2020), facing patients’ death (Mosheva, 2020), job-satisfaction (Afulani et al., 2021), and COVID-19 related anxiety (Benham et al., 2021). Data were analyzed using correlation and path analysis with SPSS and AMOS.
Results: Findings showed that utilitarian behavior is positively correlated with anxiety (p < 0.001), facing patients’ death (p < 0.001), and the probability of infection (p < 0.001) and negatively correlated with job satisfaction (p < 0.01). Moreover, another finding was that anxiety mediated the relationship between the probability of infection and utilitarian behavior (p < 0.01) but not the other ones.
Conclusion: These findings imply that the situation caused by COVID-19 has cognitive and psychological impacts on healthcare workers, and as a result, changes their moral decisions and their attitude regarding resource allocation.
Social Psychology
Hossein Samani; Soroosh Golbabaei; Khatereh Borhani
Abstract
Introduction: Paternalism is a ubiquitous phenomenon in interpersonal relations and social life; However, few studiesIntroduction: Paternalism is a ubiquitous phenomenon in interpersonal relations and social life; However, few studies have investigated its relationship with other psychological constructs ...
Read More
Introduction: Paternalism is a ubiquitous phenomenon in interpersonal relations and social life; However, few studiesIntroduction: Paternalism is a ubiquitous phenomenon in interpersonal relations and social life; However, few studies have investigated its relationship with other psychological constructs and in particular, it is unclear how it relates to different components of empathy in the context of interpersonal relationships. The present study aims to develop and validate a measure that evaluates paternalism in everyday life and then to examine its relationship with components of empathy and behavioral contagion.Method: The present study follows a correlational design and participants were selected based on convenience sampling. First, exploratory factor analysis was used to evaluate the structural validity and factor loadings of the paternalism questionnaire, and internal reliability was examined using Cronbach’s alpha. Then, in a second study, Interpersonal Reactivity Index (Golbabaei et al., 2022), and Empathy Index (Jordan et al., 2016) were used to predict paternalism, using a multivariate regression.Findings: Paternalism was positively correlated with empathic concern (r = .184, p < .05) and was negatively correlated with personal distress (r = -.202, p < .01). Moreover, in a linear regression model empathic concern (β = .306, p < .01) and personal distress (β = -.318, p < .01) predicted paternalism (F (2, 139) =9.538, p < .01 ).Conclusion: Our findings emphasize the importance of considering the contrary consequences that different components of empathy may have in some situations. By using experimental methods and including other constructs, future studies can shed light on different antecedents of paternalism in everyday life.